Papillon

Elegant toy spaniel with distinctive butterfly ears. Athletic and intelligent with surprising agility for their size.

Photo of a Papillon

Papillon characteristics

TraitRatingHow common
SizeSmall24% of breeds
Energy levelHigh
TrainabilityVery High11% of breeds
FriendlinessHigh35% of breeds
Good with childrenMedium
Grooming needsMedium26% of breeds
SheddingMedium40% of breeds
BarkingMedium41% of breeds
ProtectivenessMedium38% of breeds
AdaptabilityVery High9% of breeds
Typical lifespan15 years
HypoallergenicNo

“How common” is the share of the 321 breeds we score that sit in the same band. Ratings describe the breed, not any individual dog.

Is the Papillon right for you?

The Papillon is a compact little dog that lives comfortably in an apartment and asks for very little space. In terms of temperament, it is generally good with children when socialized and supervised and will let you know someone is at the door without being aggressive. Day to day, the Papillon needs a good deal of daily exercise — long walks, running or vigorous play, which is the single biggest factor in whether it will suit your routine.

Exercise and daily routine

The Papillon needs a good deal of daily exercise — long walks, running or vigorous play. With high energy and high athleticism, a consistent daily routine keeps this breed physically and mentally satisfied. Skipping exercise is the most common cause of problem behaviour, so match the Papillon to a lifestyle you can realistically maintain.

Grooming, shedding and upkeep

The Papillon needs consistent brushing to keep the coat healthy and loses a fair amount of coat, especially seasonally. It is not considered hypoallergenic, so allergy sufferers should spend time around the breed first.

Temperament and training

The Papillon is exceptionally bright and absorbs new commands at speed and gives voice moderately, typically when something warrants it. It copes with a standard working day alone once it has been eased into it, so plan for company or gradual alone-time training if you work away from home. Early socialization and positive, reward-based training bring out the best in this breed.

What stands out about the Papillon

Most breed descriptions call everything “loyal and intelligent”. These are the ratings where the Papillon genuinely differs from the rest of the catalogue — the things worth knowing before you commit.

What a week with a Papillon actually costs you

ExerciseAround an hour to ninety minutes of daily exercise, and it will notice when a day is skipped.
CoatWeekly brushing keeps the coat in reasonable order.
Time aloneManages a normal working day if it is properly exercised and left something to do.
NoiseAverage for a dog — it will bark at the door and at things it dislikes.

Where the Papillon fits — and where it does not

Each verdict below comes from the ratings in the table above, so you can check the reasoning rather than take it on trust.

HouseholdVerdictWhy
Apartment livingGood fitHigh energy and medium barking travel well into a flat.
Families with young childrenDependsMedium child tolerance: fine with supervision and older children, less so with toddlers.
First-time ownersGood fitVery high trainability without an unusually strong will makes the learning curve forgiving.
Homes with catsGood fitMedium prey drive makes cohabitation straightforward in most cases.
Long working daysDependsMedium independence, so time alone is less of a problem than for many breeds.
Allergy householdsDependsNo low-allergen coat recorded, though shedding is not extreme.

Guides the Papillon is ranked in

The Papillon earns a place on 3 of our lifestyle shortlists:

Perfect for

Things to consider

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Frequently asked questions

Is the Papillon good with children?
The Papillon can be good with children when properly socialized and supervised.
Does the Papillon shed a lot?
The Papillon has medium shedding.
How much exercise does the Papillon need?
With high energy, the Papillon needs plenty of daily exercise and mental stimulation — long walks, runs or active play.
How long does the Papillon live?
The Papillon typically lives around 15 years.
Can the Papillon live in an apartment?
Yes — the Papillon is small and not overly vocal, so it adapts well to apartment living with daily walks.
Is the Papillon easy to train?
The Papillon is exceptionally bright and absorbs new commands at speed. Consistency, early socialization and reward-based methods work best.
Can the Papillon be left alone during the day?
The Papillon copes with a standard working day alone once it has been eased into it. Build up alone time gradually and provide enrichment to prevent boredom.

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